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Executive Order 7023 Constitutional Neutral (+0.02)

Executive Order 7023—Establishing Red Rock Lakes Migratory Waterfowl Refuge

Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin D. Roosevelt
•
Monday, April 22, 1935
•
2 min read (484 words)

Plain-English Translation & Framers' Constitutional Analysis

Early Statesman synthesis distilling legal jargon into practical meaning, statutory anchors, and structural constitutional impacts.

This executive order, signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on 1935-04-22, establishes federal administrative policy concerning "Establishing Red Rock Lakes Migratory Waterfowl Refuge." It outlines operative directives for executive department officers, delegating enforcement responsibilities and establishing official governance guidelines.

Constitutional Assessment: Evaluated against the Fifth Amendment, this action touches upon property or economic rights. An early statesman would insist upon strict adherence to due process of law and the constitutional guarantee that private holdings shall not be encumbered or taken for public purposes without just compensation and lawful process.

Key Directives & Operative Actions

▪ 847), as amended by the act of August 24, 1912 (ch.
▪ 6910, of November 26, 1934, temporarily withdrawing for classification and other purposes all vacant, unreserved, and unappropriated public lands in certain States, is hereby revoked insofar as, and to the extent that, it affects the lands of the United States in the following-described area in Beaverhead County, Montana: PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN T.
▪ 1222), it is ordered that, subject to valid existing rights, all the public lands of the United States in the above-described area be, and they are hereby, withdrawn from settlement, location, sale, entry, or other form of appropriation and reserved and set apart for the use of the Department of Agriculture as a refuge and breeding ground for wild birds and animals.
▪ All persons are hereby informed that sections 52, 53 (as amended), and 84 (as amended) of the Criminal Code of the United States (secs.

Constitutional & Societal Entities Impacted

🏛️ Executive Departments & Federal Civil Servants 🏛️ Private Citizens & Property Owners
Total Words
484
2,731 characters
Estimated Read Time
2 min
@ 200 words / min
Flesch-Kincaid
11.2
Post-Grad reading level
Constitutional Polarity
+0.02
Framers' Alignment index
📜

Scholarly & Legal Citations 

Exec. Order No. 7023, Franklin D. Roosevelt (Apr 22, 1935). Available at https://executiveordersarchive.org/orders/app-executive-order-7023-establishing-red-rock-lakes-migratory-waterfowl-refuge.

Official Document Text

Source: The American Presidency Project (UCSB Archive)

Original Source →
MONTANA By virtue of and pursuant to the authority vested in me by the act of June 25, 1910 (ch. 421, 36 Stat. 847), as amended by the act of August 24, 1912 (ch. 369, 37 Stat. 497), Executive Order No. 6910, of November 26, 1934, temporarily withdrawing for classification and other purposes all vacant, unreserved, and unappropriated public lands in certain States, is hereby revoked insofar as, and to the extent that, it affects the lands of the United States in the following-described area in Beaverhead County, Montana: PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN T. 13 S., R. 1 W., secs. 31 to 35, inclusive. T. 14 S., R. 1 W., secs. 3 to 11, inclusive; secs. 14 to 17, inclusive; secs. 20 to 24, inclusive; secs. 26 to 29, inclusive. T. 13 S., R. 2 W., secs. 31 to 36, inclusive. T. 14 S., R. 2 W., secs. 1 to 12, inclusive; secs. 14 to 16, inclusive; aggregating 22,862.96 acres. And by virtue of and pursuant to the authority vested in me as President of the United States, and in order to effectuate further the purposes of the Migratory Bird Conservation Act (45 Stat. 1222), it is ordered that, subject to valid existing rights, all the public lands of the United States in the above-described area be, and they are hereby, withdrawn from settlement, location, sale, entry, or other form of appropriation and reserved and set apart for the use of the Department of Agriculture as a refuge and breeding ground for wild birds and animals. It is unlawful within this reservation: ( a ) to hunt, trap, capture, willfully disturb, or kill any wild animal or bird of any kind whatever, to take or destroy the nests or eggs of any wild bird, to occupy or use any part of the reservation, or to enter thereon for any purpose, except under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of Agriculture; ( b ) to cut, burn, or destroy any timber, underbrush, grass, or other natural growth; ( c ) willfully to leave fire or to suffer it to burn unattended near any forest, timber, or other inflammable material; ( d ) after building a fire in or near any forest, timber, or other inflammable material, to leave it without totally extinguishing it; and ( e ) willfully to injure, molest, or destroy any property of the United States. All persons are hereby informed that sections 52, 53 (as amended), and 84 (as amended) of the Criminal Code of the United States (secs. 106, 107, 145, title 18, U.S.C.), and section 14 of the Migratory Bird Conservation Act of February 18, 1929 (sec. 715m, title 16, U.S.C.), prescribe penalties for the commission of the offenses enumerated in the preceding paragraph. This refuge shall be known as the Red Rock Lakes Migratory Waterfowl Refuge. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT The White House, April 22, 1935.