Executive Order 12623 Constitutional Neutral (+0.02)

Executive Order 12623—Delegating Authority To Implement Assistance to the Nicaraguan Democratic Resistance

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Wednesday, January 6, 1988

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1 min read (290 words)

Plain-English Translation & Framers' Constitutional Analysis

Early Statesman synthesis distilling legal jargon into practical meaning, statutory anchors, and structural constitutional impacts.

This executive order, signed by President Ronald Reagan on 1988-01-06, establishes federal administrative policy concerning "Delegating Authority To Implement Assistance to the Nicaraguan Democratic Resistance." It outlines operative directives for executive department officers, delegating enforcement responsibilities and establishing official governance guidelines.

Constitutional Assessment: Scrutinized through Article II, Section 2, this action exercises the President's constitutional role as Commander in Chief. Early Framers recognized broad executive discretion in commanding military forces during conflict, provided it remains bounded by congressional declarations and respects civilian domestic courts.

Key Directives & Operative Actions

▪ By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States of America, including Section 111 of the Joint Resolution Making Continuing Appropriations for the Fiscal Year 1988 (Public Law 100-202) ("the Act"), the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (22 U.S.C.

Constitutional & Societal Entities Impacted

🏛️ Armed Forces & Military Establishments 🏛️ Sovereign State Governments & Localities 🏛️ Executive Departments & Federal Civil Servants 🏛️ Private Citizens & Property Owners 🏛️ Foreign Nations & International Entities

Total Words

290

1,775 characters

Estimated Read Time

1 min

@ 200 words / min

Flesch-Kincaid

15.5

Post-Grad reading level

Constitutional Polarity

+0.02

Framers' Alignment index

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Scholarly & Legal Citations

Exec. Order No. 12623, Ronald Reagan (Jan 6, 1988). Available at https://executiveordersarchive.org/orders/app-executive-order-12623-delegating-authority-implement-assistance-the-nicaraguan-democratic.

Official Document Text

Source: The American Presidency Project (UCSB Archive)

Original Source →

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States of America, including Section 111 of the Joint Resolution Making Continuing Appropriations for the Fiscal Year 1988 (Public Law 100-202) ("the Act"), the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended (22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.), and section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, and in order to delegate certain functions concerning the designation of funds to be transferred, the transfer of funds and operation of accounts, it is hereby ordered as follows: Section 1. The Secretary of State is authorized to perform the functions vested in the President by Section 111 of the Act, except the determination and certification pursuant to Section 111(b)(2), except any request for additional assistance pursuant to Section 111(j)(1), and except as provided in Sections 2 and 3 of this Order. Sec. 2. The Secretary of Defense is authorized to perform the function, vested in the President by Section 111(a) of the Act, of designating the accounts from which unobligated funds, made available by the Department of Defense appropriations acts for the Fiscal Year 1987 or prior fiscal years, are transferred. Sec. 3. The Secretary of Defense is authorized to perform the functions, vested in the President by Section 111(b)(1) and (d)(1) of the Act, of designating and transferring unobligated funds made available by the Department of Defense appropriations acts for the Fiscal Year 1987 or prior fiscal years. Sec. 4. The funds described in Sections 2 and 3 of this Order will be transferred to the account for Assistance for the Nicaraguan Democratic Resistance. RONALD REAGAN The White House, January 6, 1988. [Filed with the Office of the Federal Register, 4:47 p.m., January 6, 1988]